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Benegal Narsing Rau, a civil servant who became the first Indian judge in the International Court of Justice and was president of the United Nations Security Council, was appointed as the assembly's constitutional adviser in 1946.[16] Responsible for the constitution's general structure, Rau prepared its initial draft in February 1948.[16][17][18]
At 14 August 1947 meeting of the assembly, committees were proposed.[14] Rau's draft was considered, debated and amended by the eight-person drafting committee, which was appointed on 29 August 1947 with B. R. Ambedkar as chair.[2][15] A revised draft constitution was prepared by the committee and submitted to the assembly on 4 November 1947.[15]
While deliberating the revised draft constitution, the assembly moved, discussed and disposed off 2,473 amendments out of a total of 7,635.[13][19] Before adopting the constitution, the assembly held eleven sessions in 165 days.[2][13] On 26 November 1949 it adopted the constitution,[2][13][15][18][20] which was signed by 284 members.[2][13][15][18][20] The day is celebrated as National Law Day,[2][21]
The assembly's final session convened on 24 January 1950. Each member signed two copies of the constitution, one in Hindi and the other in English.[2][13][18] The original constitution is hand-written, with each page decorated by artists from Shantiniketan including Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and Nandalal Bose.[15][18] Its calligrapher was Prem Behari Narain Raizada.[15] The constitution was published in Dehradun and photolithographed by the Survey of India. Production of the original constitution took nearly five years. Two days later, on 26 January 1950, it became the law of India.[15][23] The estimated cost of the Constituent Assembly was ₹6.3 crore (₹63 million)